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Preparation of Porous Core⁃shell Structural Ni@C Nanorods and Their Catalytic Properties for Thermal
Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

LI Li ，KE Xiang ，AN Ting ，SONG Zhen⁃wei ，WANG Ning ，HAO Ga⁃zi ，JIANG Wei 2
2
2
1
1
2
1
（1. Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute，Xi′an 710065，China；2. National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China，School
of Chemical Engineering，Nanjing University of Science and Technology，Nanjing 210094，China）
Abstract：To enhance the catalytic effect of nano‐sized metals for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate（AP），
Ni@C nanorods were prepared by combining solvothermal method and high‐temperature calcining process using nickel‐based
metal‐organic frameworks（Ni‐MOFs）as precursor. The morphology，structure and composition of Ni@C nanorods were charac‐
terized by X‐ray diffractometer （XRD），field‐emission scanning electron microscopy （FE‐SEM），high‐resolution transmission
electron microscopy（HRTEM），X‐ray photoelectron spectrometer（XPS），Raman spectrometer，full‐automatic physical adsorp‐
tion analyzer and so on. The catalytic effect of Ni@C nanorods on the thermal decomposition of AP at different calcination tem ‐
peratures was studied by differential scanning calorimeter（DSC）. Results show that Ni@C nanorods are porous core‐shell struc‐
tures with metal Ni as core and graphitized C layer as shell，and highly graphitized C layer effectively prevents the oxidation of
nano‐Ni particles. Ni@C nanorods possess more superior catalytic performances on the thermal decomposition of AP than single
Ni nanoparticles and C nanorods. In particular，Ni@C nanorods calcined at 1000 ℃ make the peak temperature of high‐tempera‐
ture decomposition of AP reduce from 423.4 ℃ to 323.8 ℃ ，the apparent heat of decomposition increase from 825.4 J·g -1 to
-1
1423.8 J·g ，and the activation energy of reaction decrease from 172.50 kJ·mol -1 to 130.04 kJ·mol .
-1
Key words：core‐shell structure；Ni@C nanorods；ammonium perchlorate；thermal decomposition；catalytic effect
CLC number：TJ55；TB333；O614.12 Document code：A DOI：10.11943/CJEM2018353
（责编：王艳秀）

Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials，Vol.27, No.10, 2019（867-874） 含能材料 www.energetic-materials.org.cn