CHEN Ai-si , LI Feng-sheng , MA Zhen-ye , HUANG Min
Abstract:The catalytic effects of superfine transition metal oxides Fe2O3, CuO and Co2O3 on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate was studied by differential thermal analysis. Results show that both the single transition metal oxide and the composite ones have catalytic effects on the thermal decomposition of AP (Co2O3>CuO>Fe2O3 and Fe2O3/Co2O3>CuO/Co2O3>Fe2O3/CuO in sequence), and the catalytic behavior of the composite transition metal oxides (TMOs) showed three cooperative effects, which depended on the combination and suitable mixing proportion of TMOs. From the curves of the temperature change of the higher exothermic peak of AP decomposition with the content of one of the composite TMOs, the optimum combination (Fe2O3∶Co2O3 =1∶3)can be found.
WANG Zhi-xin , LI Guo-xin , LAO Yun-liang , JIAO Qing-jie , ZHOU Bao-qing
Abstract:For better control of potassium picrate(KP) production,the factors affected the crystallization process of KP should be dissertated. On the basis of the introduction for spontaneous crystallization of KP,orthogonal experiments are adopted to investigate the importance level of different factors in this article. The optimized technology conditions are found: feeding time 20 min,quantities of crystal modifiers 20 ml,feeding concentration 0.4 mol·l-1.
HAN Xiu-feng , CAI Rui-jiao , YAN Nan
Abstract:The attenuation regularity of detonator output shock pressure in PMMA was studied with piezoresistive manganin gauges. Good linear relationship of lnp-x was obtained by fitting experimental data (x,lnp) with least square method. The attenuation coefficient of detonator output shock pressure was also compared to the similar data reported in literatures. The results show that the attenuation coefficient is related to the diameter and height of charge obtained above. The absolute value of attenuation coefficient increases with decreasing the diameter and height of charge. The obtained attenuation coefficient of detonator output waveform in PMMA is -0.3587.
LU Ming , SUN Jie , CHEN Yu , LUO Yun-jun , TAN Hui-min
Abstract:Waterborne polyurethane(WPU)latex was prepared with toluene-2,4-diiso-cyanate(TDI),polyether (DL-400,TMN-450) and 2,2-bis-(hydroxymethyl)-propionic acid (DMPA), and characterized by FTIR. Two kinds of methods, depositing WPU latex by adding 10% alum solution and latex polymerization were used to coat RDX.SEM results indicat that RDX is coated the best with 1% WPU coating content in destroying latex way; while RDX is coated worst by method of latex polymerization. Special height H50 of RDX coated with WPU was determined by impact sensitivity test. And result indicate that H50 of RDX before coating is 22.3 cm; that H50 of RDX coated with 1% WPU in destroying latex way is 82.2 cm; that H50 of RDX coated with 1% WPU by method of latex polymerization is 59.0 cm. Conclusion will be drawn through experiments that coating RDX by method of polymerization-depositing WPU latex can effectively improve the property of its sensitization, and increase the value of H50, whose effects are predominant to that of polymerization.
WEN Mao-ping , PANG Hai-yan , JING Shi-ming , LAN Lin-gang
Abstract:It has been tested and compared that the mechanical properties in the load of tension, compress and three-point-bending at the different temperatures of two kinds polymer bonded explosive JOB-9003 which were shaped by technology formation of isostatic liquid and mould pressing. Results show that the mechanical properties of two kinds of JOB-9003 are all most the same at 20 ℃, but from 35 ℃to 55 ℃ the mechanical properties of isostatic liquied pressing JOB-9003 is much higher than that of mould pressing JOB-9003.
HU Jian-xin , XIA Zhi-xun , LUO Zhen-bing , MIAO Wang-bo , GUO Jian , ZHAO Jian-min
Abstract:The effects of various parameters on boron particle ignition of ducted rocket secondary chamber were studied with the model developed by the King. These parameters include initial oxide thickness, initial particle size, ambient temperature, pressure and oxygen mole fraction. The minimum gas temperature required for ignition is above 1900 K. The effects of total pressure and oxygen mole fraction on ignition time are found to be fairly complex. At low oxygen mole fractions, increasing total pressure leads to more difficult ignition while at high oxygen mole fraction, the reverse is true. Ignition time generally decreases with decreasing particle size. The ignition time is predicted to increase strongly with decreasing gas temperature.
TU Xiao-zhen , YAN Nan , HUA Qi , LI Ping-xuan
Abstract:The changes of the electric match composition at different time simulating accelerated life test were analysed by X-ray diffraction. The conditions of the life test were temperature (60±2) ℃,relative humidity 95%±3%. It was found from the test that when high humidity and high temperature atmosphere exist,the electric match composition would deteriorate easily. Results show that the composition is not changed after the life test proceeds 1.5 days,but the relative peak value of Pb(SCN)2 become weaken after 3 days. Any of its original material could not be found from X-ray spectrogram after 6 days. The characteristic peaks were observed after 9 days lifetest, like after 6 days life test. Furthermore,PbSO4 diffraction peak and green material Cr2O3 were also found when 9 days.
Abstract:The fine HMX particles were prepared by spray drying method. HMX was dissolved in acetone and the solution treated by spray dryer ,then the particles with mean size of about 3μm obtained. The factors that affect particle size distribution have been analyzed,and the size distribution of ultrafine HMX particals reduces with flow rates of HMX resolution decreasing and flow rates of air increasing. X-ray diffraction(XRD) shows that the fine HMX particles are β-phase,and there is no phase transition in the process of preparation. Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM) photograph indicates that many particles have shapes of hollow. Thermogravimetric and Differential Scanning Calorimetric(TG-DSC) spectroscopy displays that structural phase transition of fine HMX takes place at lower temperature comparing to that of gross granule.
WU Yao-guo , ZHAO Chen-hui , HUI Lin , ZHAO Da-wei
Abstract:In order to assess the effects of the chemical compositions in TNT-containing wastewater on TNT degradation with O3/H2O2,the experiments were carried out with HCO3-,NO3-,SO4-,HCOO-,Cu2+and Al3+. Results show that HCO3-,HCOO- and Cu2+ can suppress the TNT degradation with O3/H2O2,and their inhibition ability is: Cu2+ > HCOO-> HCO3-. Al3+ can increase the TNT degradation, and the effects of NO3-,SO4- on TNT degradation with O3/H2O2 were not found.
LAN Lin-gang , HAO Ying , WEN Mao-ping , PANG Hai-yan
Abstract:A compressive fatigue testing method of polymer bonded explosive (PBX) was introduced and experimental studied with JB-9014. The frequency of fatigue loading sine was fixed at 2 Hz and the maxium compressive stress was 20.98,22.3,23.6,25.5,26.5 MPa . The S-N curve which is fitted well with exponential law has been obtained. Based on S-N curve, compressive fatigue limit at 20.98 MPa (70% of the comparative strength limit of the PBX) is computed out,Viz.106cycles. It indicates that JB-9014 has nice assist-fatigue charactaristic.
Abstract:The kinetics of the thermal decomposition reaction of analytically pure ammonium nitrate(AN),commercially pure AN and mixture of analytically pure AN and NaNO3 has been investigated by means of non-isothermal DSC and TG at various heating rates of 2,4,6,8 K·min-1,respectively.The result shows that the decomposition reaction in the conversion degree range of 0.0~0.4 for AN is controlled by nucleation and growth,and the mechanism function is Arrami-Erofeev equation with n=2/3. The decomposition process of the mixture in the conversion degree range of 0~0.4 is classified as one-dimension phase boundary reaction and the mechanism function is the contracting sphere(volume)equation with n=1/3. The kinetic equations of analytically pure AN(commercially pure AN is resembled)and the mixture are dα/dT=109.43(1-α)[-ln(1-α)]1/3exp(-1.319×104/T) and dα/dT=109.4(1-α)2/3exp(-1.566×104/T) respectively,indicating that NaNO3 can improve the thermal stability of AN.
Andraej Oraechowski , , Andrzej Maranda , Dorota Powala , Jacek Bordowski
Abstract:In order to obtain low sensitive high explosive formulation. Plastic explosive based on hexogen and octogen were investigated. 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) was used as an additive.The experimental results show this additive decrease the impact and friction sensitivity without worsening another parameters.
TANG Gui-lin , DU Zhi-ming , ZHAO Jia-yu , SONG Zhi-min , LI Min
Abstract:In order to eliminate pollution caused by the barium oxide and decrease the inhalable particulates, a new green flare composition was obtained by using copper oxide as oxidant and color substance, two kinds of organisms A,B as combustible. The proportion of ingredients CuO,A and B is 5∶1.8∶2 by weight. The color purity and the permeation percent are respectively higher 17% and 50% than that of traditional green flare composition under the same conditions, but the amounts of nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide and inhalable particulates decreased by 14%,50% and 2%. And the impacts of the content of copper oxide and two combustibles on the color purity and the smoke are studied. Results show that the pollution caused by barium salt can be eliminated using copper oxide as color substance; inhalable particulates can be decreased using organic substance as combustible.
ZHANG Qiong-fang , ZHANG Jiao-qiang
Abstract:This paper describe several methods of developing insensitive propellants,such as by using insensitive energetic binder or energetic plasticizer,or ammonium nitrate compound,or new energetic oxidizer,and reducing the size or disfigurement of solid component of propellant,or changing the shape of particles,etc. Especially the insensitive properties of HTPE propellants,HTPB propellants,and NEPE propellants etc. are introduced.
Abstract:The characteristics of sodium azide gas generating compositions were briefly introduced. Research development of non-azide gas generating compositions was reviewed such as azotic heterocyclic compounds,guanidine derivatives,azoic compounds and complexes of the carbohydrazide and semicarbazide. On the whole,sodium azide based gas generating compositions have the advantages of operating at low temperature and producing almost exclusively N2 as the output gas,and the most serious downside to them is the toxicity of the sodium azide itself. Non-azide gas generating pyrotechnic compositions are far less toxic than azide systems,but they have bad performance issues such as high operating temperature, ignition difficulties and performance variability.
Abstract:The criteria for an ideal desensitizing AN and thermal decomposition mechanism of AN are introduced. At the same time, some viewpoints on the selection of desensitizing additives and testing for detonability of desensitized AN mixtures are presented.
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Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials
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