Abstract:The methods of designing the explosive-loading devices is briefly described. The experimental results show that explosive-loading devices using new planar wave lens can produce high pressure of 40～230 GPa in standard material sample. Simultaneously,the devices can provide waveform with better symmetric construction,less distortion,less inclination than old one did. We had a time distortion of 30 ns. So the high quality impacting waveform meets the demand in measuring the EOS(Equation of State) parameters and mechanics characteristic of some material.

Abstract:Geometries and electronic structures of methyl azide and its dimers have been calculated firstly by using ab initio method at the HF level with the 6-311G^** basis set. The intermolecular interaction energy is calculated with MP2 electron correlation correction, basis set superposition error (BSSE) correction and zero point energy (ZPE) correction. The most stable dimer (the binding energy of 9.49 kJ·mol^-1) possesses a six-membered ring with two C-H...N hydrogen bonds and belongs to D_2h group. The effect of methyl internal rotation on the interaction energy is investigated. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis is performed to reveal the origin of the interaction. The harmonic vibrational analysis is used to study the optimized structure of the monomer and six dimers, and IR spectrum shifts are discussed. Based on the statistical thermodynamic method, the changes of thermodynamic properties from the monomer to dimer with the temperature ranging from 273.15 K to 800.00 K have been obtained.

Abstract:HMX crystals with defects of different types and populations were prepared by fast recrystallization. These obtained crystals were used to study the influences of crystal defects on thermal sensitivity and stability of HMX by explosion point measurement and thermal analysis. The morphology and defects of HMX crystals were observed by TEM technique. Experimental results show that the explosion point(5 s)of HMX decreases by 51～54 ℃,and its thermal decomposition initial temperature and apparent activation energies also decline remarkably due to the existing defects in the crystals. It could be concluded that the crystal defects would deteriorate both the sensitivity to heat and the thermal stability of HMX.

Abstract:This paper was an attempt to investigate the possibility of estimating qualitatively or quantitatively the impact sensitivity of melt cast explosives by thermal explosion theory. With the formulations deduced from thermal explosion theory to calculate the critical initiation conditions of explosive such as temperature and size of hot-spots,the critical initiation parameters of TNT, Comp.B and EAKR intermolecular explosives were calculated,and the calculation results were in good agreement with the experimental impact sensitivity data obtained experimentally from 10 kg hammer and 400 kg heavier hammer impact tests respectively.

Abstract:The calculation formulae of estimating the critical rate of temperature rise (dT/dt)_Tb for thermal explosion of exothermic decomposition reaction system under adiabatic,nearly adiabatic,apparent empiric-order autocatalytic and first-order autocatalytic conditions are derived from the relationship between the energy change of a reacting system and the extent of the reaction,and the sufficient and essential conditions from thermal decomposition to thermal explosion and the kinetic equation of non-isothermal reaction. The corresponding methods for estimating the values of (dT/dt)_Tb are presented.

Abstract:The energy,combustion properties and mechanical properties for the new designed smokeless cross-linked modified double-base propellant were thoroughly studied. Compared with ordinary double base propellant,the specific impulse for new designed smokeless cross-linked modified double base propellant was shown to be higher. The burning rate pressure exponents for the propellant compositions are about 0.34～0.50 in the range of 3～15 MPa.The tensile strength of the propellant is 0.64 MPa at 60 ℃ and the elongation is 94% at -40 ℃. The mechanical properties can meet the demands of case-bonded rocket motor.

Abstract:The intercalation of FeCl₃ into graphite with molten salt method has been synthesized. Its structural stability and thermal stability both in air and some liquid media for some time were investigated by using the XRD as well as TG-DTG techniques. The obtained results show that FeCl₃-GICs are quite stable in air,higher stable in water and acid liquid media,but less stable in alkalic liquid media and some organic solvents. The degradation temperature of FeCl₃-GICs is about 330 ℃.

Abstract:The burning behavior of composition B was researched by steel tubes under different ignition intensity. The nitrocellulose was used as ignition powder. The ignition intensity was changed by different weight of nitrocellulose. The experimental results showed that it was easy for powdered composition B to burn as ignition intensity increased.

Abstract:This paper presents the far infrared(FIR) and Laser Raman(LR) spectra of four polymorphs of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(HNIW) existing at ambient conditions. The characteristics of the spectra are analyzed and compared. The information given is believed to be very useful to the qualitative identification,the quantitative determination,and the crystal form control for HNIW in production.

Abstract:The good properties of non-crystalline state,high thermal stability,and high energy have made polynitropolyphenylene(PNP) a promising energetic polymer in the field of explosives and propellants. PNP was synthesized via polymerization using dichlorotrinitrobenzene as starting material. The important parameters affecting the polymerization were analyzed and dicussed in this paper. The obtained relative molecular mass of PNP,thermal decompostion temperature,and bulk density were all determined.

Abstract:1,3-diazido-2-nitryloxypropane(DANG),also know as azido-substituted nitrglycerin (NG),was synthesized using 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol as starting material via azidation and nitration. The structures of both DANG and its intermediate 1,3-diazido-2-propanol (DAHP) were identified by IR,¹HNMR and elemental analysis. HPLC results show that the purity is 98.0% for DAHP and 96.0% for DANG respectively. In addition,some important properties of DANG,including solidafication point,thermal stability,friction sensitivity,and impact sensitivity were all determined,and it has been proved that DANG remains liquid state at -15 ℃.

Abstract:A new method of coating technology for NC-RDX ball-shaped powder was introduced. When a surfactant was added,the stable NC-RDX ball-shaped powder products could be obtained. The action mechanism of surfactant and characteristics of particle size distribution of coated RDX were analyzed.

Abstract:Colorimetric method is used to study the decomposition of CL-20 dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid. The result show that the decomposed amount of CL-20 in a certain time is inversely proportional to the concentration of sulfuric acid. The decomposed amount of CL-20 in 10 ml 98% sulfuric acid in 2 h is at most 0.02 g.The content of water in the nitrating mixture should be diminished as much as possible in order to improve yield and guarantee safety in CL-20 production.

Abstract:The whole process of the thermal decomposition of GAP was investigated by thermolysis-MS,TG-DTG-FTIR,in-situ thermolysis-FTIR coupling techniques,and possible mechanisms of GAP′s thermal decomposition is proposed. It has been proved that the major decomposition products in the gas phase include N₂,NH₃,HCHO,HCN,H₂CCO etc. In the condensed phase,the formation of some aromatic intermediates was observed,and when temperature raised to 450 ℃,the characteristic absorbances of aromatics disappeared and a black-brown residue was formed.

Abstract:Trichlorotrinitrobenzene(TCTNB) with purity of 89% was dissolved in 1，2-dichloroethane at 45 ℃. The obtained solution was quenched to precipitate the solid. Filtrating and drying at 80 ℃ for 16 h gave TCTNB with purity of 99.2%. The crystal structure of TCTNB was determined with X-ray diffraction.

Abstract:Through fast cook-off test,shooting test,shock sensitivity test and shaped charge jet test,the low vulnerability of cast PBX were studied. And also the cast PBX was compared with TNT-based explosives in the explosion power. It showed that the low vulnerability and the explosion power of cast PBX were high prior to those of TNT-based explosives.

Abstract:The progresses in treatment of waste water contaminated by explosives were reviewed. From the points of efficiency and its workmanship economy,different advanced oxidation processes for waste water treatment in literature were analyzed and compared. Results showed that advanced oxidation processes could be used for waste water treatment. Methods hydrogen peroxide and ozone oxidation and Fenton oxidation were better,because they could degrade the pollutants in a shorter period，but disadvantages of which were formation of new by-products and low efficiency.

Abstract:Ammonium dinitramide (ADN) has been proved to be a very promising oxidizer in propellant,and has caused people extra attentions in the field of high energy density materials. In this paper,synthesis,properties and application of ADN in propellants are reviewed and discussed in some detail. The data in literature show that ADN possesses advantages of high energy,low signature,and friendly to environment. In comparison with the flake ADN,the prilled ADN is much better in some aspects,such as thermal stability,hygroscopicity and mechanical sensitivity.

Abstract:Twelfth international detonation symposium was held in san diego，on august 11～16th 2002. The symposium was organized by los alamos national laboratory etc. The symposium published 140 papers. This article will introduce developments in theory and experiment in the fields of detonation chemistry and physics.

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