To elucidate the effect of polyvinylidene fluoride （PVDF） content on the combustion performances of aluminum-based solid propellants， Al@PVDF composite powders with coating contents ranging from 2% to 14% were prepared via the solvent and non-solvent method. The thermal reactivity of Al@PVDF composite powders and the energy release and combustion performances of the corresponding solid propellants were analyzed using thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry， constant volume combustion tests， and simultaneous ignition experiments. Results indicate that the PVDF coating significantly enhances the thermal reactivity of aluminum. At the 6% PVDF coating content， the aluminum powder achieves the maximum thermal weight gain and exothermic enthalpy value of 78.96% and 16.14 kJ·g^-1， respectively. As the PVDF content increases， the energy release of solid propellants exhibits a trend of initial increase， following by a decrease， subsequent re-increase， and final decline， and reaching the maximum heat release of 6026 J·g^-1 and pressurization of 4.45 MPa at 10% coating content. The ignition delay time of aluminum-oxygen reaction decreases from 53 ms to 12 ms. The pressure exponent of burning rate underwent a three-stage evolution， declining from 0.43 to 0.36， and further to 0.26. Analysis of condensed combustion products （CCPs） reveals a stage-dependent mechanism of PVDF content on combustion performances： the low coating content （2%-4%） inhibits molten aluminum agglomeration via pyrolysis products； the medium content （6%-8%） accelerates particle fragmentation and ignition but induces secondary agglomeration； the high content （10%-14%） generates excessive pyrolysis products that promote secondary fragmentation of agglomerates in gas-phase region.