According to the connection mode of molecules and whether the molecule is neutral， the high-energy heat-resistant compounds reported in recent years are divided into three categories： fused ring， linked heterocyclic and ionic. The structural characteristics， synthesis methods， physicochemical properties and detonation performances of three kinds of high-energy heat-resistant compounds are reviewed. and the application prospects are evaluated. The development direction of the synthesis of high-energy heat-resistant compound is prospected： developing universal construction technology of skeleton， promoting the integration of computational simulation and molecular design， and innovating green and efficient synthesis process. It provides a reference for the design and synthesis of new high-energy heat-resistant compounds.