To develop a high-performance burning rate catalyst for solid propellant， an iron-loaded carbon nanotube material （Fe@CNTs） was synthesized by high-temperature pyrolysis of the caged precursor. The elemental composition， microscopic morphology， phase structure， specific surface area， and catalytic decomposition performance of Fe@CNTs were investigated by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer （SEM-EDS）， transmission electron microscopy （TEM）， X-ray diffraction （XRD）， X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）， Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）， nitrogen sorption isotherm measurement （BET）， differential scanning calorimeter （DSC）， and thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry （TG-MS）. The results show that， Fe@CNTs is an iron-loaded carbon nanotube material with a high specific surface area， which can reduce the exothermic peak temperatures of octogen （HMX）， dihydroxylammonium 5，5′-bistetrazole-1，1′-diolate （TKX-50）， 1，1-diamino-2，2-dinitroethylene （FOX-7）， hexogeon （RDX）， and hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane （CL-20） by 1.8 ℃， 40.4 ℃， 4.9 ℃， 6 ℃， and 8.8 ℃， respectively， when the addition amount of this material is 6%. The calculations of thermal decomposition kinetics based on the Kissinger-Ozawa model show that the apparent activation energies of 6%Fe@CNTs/HMX and 6%Fe@CNTs/TKX-50 decrease by 96.9-97.1 kJ·mol^-1 and 11.2-11.9 kJ·mol^-1， respectively. Theoretical calculations of thermodynamic and thermal safety parameters indicate that HMX and TKX-50 are still in a thermodynamically stable state after adding Fe@CNTs. Based on the results of TG-MS， the possible catalytic mechanism of Fe@CNTs on HMX and TKX-50 is further proposed.