Fluoropolymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride （PVDF） can effectively inhibit the agglomeration of aluminum powder and enhance its reactivity. However， the affinity between fluorinated polymers and the surface of Al particles covered by alumina is poor， and the inhibitory effect of fluorinated polymers directly coating the Al surface on Al aggregation is not ideal. In this study， a microwave-enhanced reaction method was used to obtain hydroxylated modified PVDF-OH. PVDF-OH was coated on the surface of aluminum powder by solvent/non-solvent method for preparation Al@PVDF-OH. Subsequently， the prepared Al@PVDF-OH composite fuel is used to prepare composite solid propellants. The molecular structure and elemental composition of PVDF-OH were studied using infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Using equipment such as scanning electron microscope， differential scanning calorimeter， high-speed camera， and oxygen bomb calorimeter study the microstructure composition and combustion performance of Al@PVDF-OH composite fuels. The results showed that the PVDF-OH prepared by microwave-assisted preparation had a higher hydroxyl content， and the optimal treatment condition was 1 minute at a microwave power of 240 W. The combustion performance of Al@PVDF-OH composite fuel was superior to that of Al@PVDF composite fuel coated with unmodified PVDF and Al@PVDF-OH（H） composite fuel coated with heat-modified PVDF-OH（H）. The optimal PVDF-OH content was found to be 15%. Compared to pure aluminum， the combustion heat value of Al@PVDF-OH composite fuel with 15% PVDF-OH increased from 19140 kJ·kg^-1 to 24912 kJ·kg^-1. Combustion tests mixed with ammonium perchlorate （AP） showed that the ignition delay time of Al@PVDF-OH composite fuel shortened from 77 ms to 70 ms， and the burning rate increased from 195.7 mm·s^-1 to 225.7 mm·s^-1 compared to pure aluminum. Compared to aluminum-based solid propellants， solid propellants based on Al@PVDF-OH composite fuel exhibited an increase in combustion heat value from 13281 kJ·kg^-1 to 14020 kJ·kg^-1， an increase in burning rate from 1.281 mm·s^-1 to 1.915 mm·s^-1， and a reduction in the particle size D₉₀ of condensed phase combustion products from 74.324 μm to 52.749 μm.