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Design and Application Investigations of a Microfluidic Chip for the Continuous Synthesis of Silver Azide Primary Explosive
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State Key Laboratory of Transient Chemical Effects and Control, Shaanxi Applied Physics-Chemistry Research Institute, Xi′an 710061, China

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    Abstract:

    To meet the demand for rapid mixing of the reaction solution in the synthesis of silver azide (AgN3, SA) primary explosives, a continuous reverse-rotating T-shaped micro-mixing chip was designed and fabricated. The influence of chip structure and reactant flow rates on mixing efficiency was investigated using Ansys Fluent simulation software, leading to optimization of an efficient micro-hybrid chip structure. This optimized chip was employed for the continuous synthesis of SA primary explosives. The morphology, compositional structure, and thermal properties of the resulting SA primary explosives were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was observed that a near 100% mixing efficiency could be achieved when employing a micro-mixing chip with a channel size of 1 mm, collision angle of 180°, and reactant flow rate above 4 mL·min-1. By adjusting the flow rate, concentration, and surfactant content of the reactants, uniform morphology with narrow particle size distribution could be obtained for the SA primary explosives; their main component consisted of AgN3 crystals exhibiting an orthorhombic crystal system. Compared to the conventional methods, the exothermic peak temperature decreased from 365.2 ℃ to 358.2 ℃ (a reduction by 7 ℃) while the exothermic amount increased from 851.6 kJ·kg-1 to 976.7 kJ·kg-1 (an increase by 14.7%) when utilizing microfluidic preparation techniques for SA primary explosives, indicating enhanced reactivity and energy.

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韩瑞山,王燕兰,卢飞朋,等.叠氮化银起爆药连续化合成芯片的设计与应用研究[J].含能材料,2024,32(3):270-279.
HAN Rui-shan, WANG Yan-lan, LU Fei-peng, et al. Design and Application Investigations of a Microfluidic Chip for the Continuous Synthesis of Silver Azide Primary Explosive[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2024,32(3):270-279.

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History
  • Received:January 08,2024
  • Revised:March 05,2024
  • Adopted:March 01,2024
  • Online: March 04,2024
  • Published: March 25,2024