In response to the serious problems involving large smoke， flame and pungent smell known for a small and medium caliber weapon， the single base seven holes propellants were treated by chemical denitration method to prepare nitro gradiently distributed propellants with different denitration degrees. Their physicochemical， static burning properties， interior ballistic performance and emission hazard phenomenon were investigated. Based on the minimum free energy method， the influence of amount of camphor agent and the denitration degree on the combustion gases （CO， H₂） produced and unoxidized carbon were studied. The results show that with the increase of denitration degree， the explosion heat of propellants decreases from 4001 J·g^-1 to 3517 J·g^-1， the web thickness reduces from 0.92 mm to 0.89 mm， the content of stabilizer declines from 2.60% to 1.95%， the stability remains unchanged， B_m value increases to 0.66， and the progressive burning property enhances gradually； the better progressive burning of propellants， the higher initial velocity of the projectile under the same bore pressure condition was observed， the numerical expression and control method of ballistic performance for this investigated propellant were obtained based on the enantiomorphic coupling relationship established between the mass of charge， bore pressure and initial velocity； in comparison with the camphor-deterred propellants， the nitro gradiently distributed propellants demonstrated the promising characteristics of lower concentration of combustible gas， and less unoxidized carbon； in addition， the small flame， less irritating odour and low emission harmful phenomena are found for nitro gradiently distributed propellants during the firing test.