Nitrobenzene， nitrotoluene and dinitrophenol in aromatic nitro compounds are the main components of explosives. In addition to their own explosiveness and danger， they also have high stability and high toxicity， which can cause great harm to human health， soil， water source and ecological environment. In this paper， the current status of aromatic nitro compound wastewater treatment technology is summarized. Based on three treatment methods of physical treatment， chemical treatment and biodegradation， the advantages and disadvantages of various technologies are summarized， and the development trend is prospected. Among the three treatment methods， the physical treatment method has potential secondary pollution risks， and the biodegradation method has higher time cost， therefore， it is considered that the chemical treatment method is considered to be the most promising method. Among them， the photocatalytic method can efficiently degrade aromatic nitro compounds wastewater only with the help of sunlight， which has the advantages of green environmental protection and energy saving. Although this method has not been applied to practical applications， other treatment technologies can be combined with photocatalytic methods to achieve the effect of complementing each other.