In order to explore the infrared extinction properties of three-dimensional graphene， three-dimensional （3D） graphene powders were prepared by thermochemical deposition method. The morphological and structural characteristics of the three-dimensional graphene powder were confirmed by electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometer， and the dispersion properties were tested by using a comprehensive powder characteristic tester. Then the infrared extinction properties of three-dimensional graphene were tested by using smoke chamber test， and compared with the extinction properties of composite graphite and carbon fiber under the same test conditions. The results show that the infrared extinction performance of three-dimensional graphene is excellent. The average mass extinction coefficients are about 1.32 m²·g^-1 and 1.09 m²·g^-1 in the infrared wavelength range of 3-5 μm and 8-14 μm， respectively. Compared with composite graphite and carbon fiber， the average mass extinction coefficients of 3-5 μm are improved by 57% and 132%， respectively. And the average mass extinction coefficients of 8-14 μm are improved by 35 % and 102 %， respectively. It can be seen that 3D graphene shows better infrared extinction ability.