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Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of DAP-4/TKX-50 Mixtures
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Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi′an 710065, China

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    Abstract:

    To explore the detailed thermal decomposition properties of the mixture system consists of ammonium perchlorate-based molecular perovskite energetic material (H2dabco)(NH4)(ClO43 (DAP-4, where H2dabco2+ refers to 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-dianiumion) and dihydroxylammonium 5,5"-bistetrazole-1,1"-diolate (TKX-50), the thermal decomposition characteristics and gas products of DAP-4 and DAP-4/TKX-50 mixtures were comparatively analyzed by using differential scanning calorimetry-thermogravimetry/mass spectrometry/fourier infrared spectroscopy; meanwhile, the changes of characteristic groups in the condensed phase of DAP-4 and DAP-4/TKX-50 mixtures with temperature were investigated by in-situ FTIR. Based on the explorations the thermal decomposition mechanism of DAP-4/TKX-50 mixture was proposed. The results showed that after mixing DAP-4 with TKX-50, DAP-4 had little effect on the thermal decomposition of TKX-50, while the heat generated by the thermal decomposition of TKX-50 made the reversible phase transition endothermic peak of DAP-4 disappeared, but hardly affected DAP-4′s thermal decomposition at high temperature. The thermal mass loss of DAP-4/TKX-50 mixture was divided into two stages. The mass loss of the first stage was 43.4% and the mass loss of the second stage was 52.4%, leaving 4.2% of the decomposition residue. The main gas products produced by thermal decomposition of DAP-4 and DAP-4/TKX-50 mixture were NH3/H2O/HNCO/HCN/CO/HCl/CO2 and H2O/NO/N2O/HCl/NH3/N2/HNCO/HCN/CO/CO2, respectively. The thermal decomposition mechanism of the DAP-4/TKX-50 mixture was proposed as follows: the reversible transfer of hydrogen ions occurs first in the molecule of TKX-50 to generate hydroxylamine and 1,1"-dihydroxy-5,5"-bitetrazole (BTO), then hydroxylamine decomposed into small molecular gases at high temperature while the fragments generated by BTO decomposition partially polymerized into coupling products. Finally, the ionic bond of DAP-4 was broken, leading to instantaneous collapse of the cage-like skeleton. The strongly reducing and strongly oxidizing gas components underwent violent redox reactions at high temperatures and release a large amount of heat.

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张坤,冯博,王晓峰,等. DAP-4/TKX-50混合物的热分解机理[J].含能材料,2022,30(7):673-680.
ZHANG Kun, FENG Bo, WANG Xiao-Feng, et al. Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of DAP-4/TKX-50 Mixtures[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2022,30(7):673-680.

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History
  • Received:March 27,2022
  • Revised:May 30,2022
  • Adopted:May 20,2022
  • Online: May 27,2022
  • Published: July 25,2022