In order to improve the economic benefit of producing 2，2，4-trimethyl-1，3-pentanediol（TMDP）， a more efficient and safe microchannel continuous flow process was selected to replace the traditional kettle-type batch production method with using isobutyl aldehyde as raw material and sodium hydroxide solution as catalyst. The effects of catalyst sodium hydroxide concentration， dosage， temperature and residence time on the reaction were investigated. The optimum conditions were determined as follows： sodium hydroxide concentration 50%， v（isobutyral）∶v（NaOH）=1， residence time 10 min， reaction temperature 40 ℃. Under these conditions， the conversion of isobutyraldehyde was 99.02%， the selectivity of TMDP was 93.57%， and the yield was 92.65%. The process made full use of the excellent mass and heat transfer characteristics of the microchannel reactor， greatly shortened the reaction time， increased the reaction rate， extended the selection range of process conditions， and realized the effective control of the reaction process of hydroxylaldehyde condensation. At the same time， the kinetic studies were carried out at different temperatures and concentrations of sodium hydroxide， and the kinetic equations and corresponding parameters were obtained with the concentration of sodium hydroxide being 50% and 45% respectively. The macroscopic kinetics obtained by fitting is second-order， and the activation energy and pre-exponential factors are： 26.34 kJ·mol^-1， 2888.26 L·K^-1·mol^-1·min^-1.