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Preparation and Properties of 2,4-MDNI / DNTF Binary Eutectic
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1.School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, North University of China,Taiyuan 030051, China;2.Sichuan Huachuan Industries Co., Ltd,Chengdu 510100, China

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    Abstract:

    2,4-MDNI/DNTF eutectic system was prepared by using 1-methyl-2,4-dinitroimidazole (2,4-MDNI), a high energy insensitive explosive, to improve the high sensitivity and high melting point of the dynamite carrier 3,4-dinitrofuroxan (DNTF). The melting and liquefaction processes of 2,4-MDNI/DNTF with different ratios were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the T-x phase diagram was established. The melting and decomposition processes of 2,4-MDNI, DNTF and 2,4-MDNI/DNTF eutectic at different heating rates were studied. The kinetic parameters of 2,4-MDNi, DNTF and their eutectic were calculated by flynn-wall-Ozawa method, Doyle method and Kissinger method respectively. XRD and SEM analysis were carried out for the three substances. The hyposensitivity of 2,4-MDNI to DNTF was studied by sensitivity test.The detonation properties of 2,4-MDNI/DNTF eutectic were calculated by using EXPLO5. The results show that the molar composition of 2,4-MDNI/DNTF eutectic is 51∶49, and the average melting point is 92.7 ℃. As the heating rate increases, both melting and decomposition reactions are delayed. The activation energy Ea and pre-exponential factor A of thermal decomposition of eutectic are 146.0 kJ·mol-1 and 4.09×1013, respectively. In XRD test, the low eutectic of 2,4-MDNI/PETN generates a new diffraction peak at 2θ=18.60°. The microstructure of the solidified surface is obviously better than that of DNTF. The impact and friction sensitivities of 2,4-MDNI are both 0%.The impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity of eutectic are 64% and 52%, respectively. The theoretical density of 2,4-MDNI/DNTF eutectic is 1.844 g·cm-3, and the calculated detonation velocity is 8705 m·s-1. The eutectic of 2,4-MDNI and DNTF was prepared with ideal melting point and good thermal stability. At the same time, the sensitivity of DNTF can be significantly reduced while maintaining its high energy level.

    表 2 2,4-MDNI、DNTF及其低共熔物与其他常见熔铸炸药载体爆轰性能比较[1,11,17,19-22]Table 2 Comparison of detonation properties of 2,4-MDNI/DNTF eutectic and other melt cast explosive carrier
    表 1 2,4-MDNI、及2,4-MDNI/DNTF低共熔物热反应动力学参数Table 1 Kinetic parameters of thermal reaction of 2,4-MDNI and 2,4-MDNI/ DNTF eutectic
    图1 2,4-MDNI的HPLC谱图Fig.1 HPLC chromatogram of 2,4-MDNI
    图2 二元混合体系的熔融过程DSC曲线示意图[12]Fig.2 DSC diagram of binary mixture system[12]
    图3 不同比例2,4-MDNI/DNTF二元混合体系DSC曲线Fig.3 DSC curves of 2,4-MDNI/DNTF mixtures with different proportions
    图4 2,4-MDNI/DNTF二元混合体系T-x相图Fig.4 T-x phase diagram of 2,4-MDNI/DNTF binary mixture system
    图7 2,4-MDNI、DNTF及其低共熔物的XRD图谱Fig.7 XRD patterns of 2,4-MDNI, DNTF and their eutectic
    表 3 2,4-MDNI、DNTF及2,4-MDNI/DNTF低共熔物的撞击和摩擦感度测试结果Table 3 Impact and friction sensitivity test results of MDNI、DNTF and their eutectic
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朱俊伍,王林剑,刘玉存,等.2,4-MDNI/DNTF二元低共熔物的制备与性能[J].含能材料,2022,30(3):228-235.
ZHU Jun-wu, WANG Lin-jian, LIU Yu-cun, et al. Preparation and Properties of 2,4-MDNI / DNTF Binary Eutectic[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2022,30(3):228-235.

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History
  • Received:June 23,2021
  • Revised:July 25,2021
  • Adopted:October 21,2021
  • Online: March 17,2022
  • Published: March 25,2022