Taking 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB)-based high polymer bonded explosive (PBX) material as research object, the quasi-static uniaxial tension and compression tests were carried out at -40-75 ℃, and the stress-strain relationship data at 17 preset temperature points were obtained. Setting temperature and strain as independent variables, stress as dependent variable, the stress-strain relationship under the tension and compression conditions was described based on support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, and the error analysis of the constructed relationship was carried out. The results show that the tensile strength and compressive strength of the materials deteriorate with increasing the temperature in the temperature range of -40-75 ℃ and the non-linearity of stress-strain curve and asymmetry of tension compression change obviously. Meanwhile, a set of parameters based on SVM algorithm is used to realize the description of the tensile and compressive strain-strain relationship of TATB-based PBX at different temperatures, which solves the problem that the model parameters often change with temperature. The average absolute percentage error of the constructed relationship is not more than 7.77%, and the correlation coefficients are all greater than 0.998, showing a good applicability.