To prolong the storage life of binder, the poly(glycidyl azide) ether(GAP)-based binders with self-healing performance were firstly synthesized by introducing disulfide functional group into an azide binder through an one-step method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), X-ray diffractometry(XRD) and optical microscopy were used to characterize its structure and surface topography characterization. On this basis, the self-healing efficiency under different self-healing temperature and different self-healing time was examined through the change of tensile strength before and after self-healing. Results show that the synthesized GAP-based self-healing binder has a polyurethane structure, the surface cracks of self-healing binder are completely healed after 24 h at 60 ℃. Increasing the temperature and prolonging the self-healing time are helpful to improve the self-healing efficiency. At the same time, the self-healing efficiency is firstly improved and then decreased with increasing mass fraction of the cross-linking agent, in which, the self-healing efficiency for the formula with a cross-linker mass fraction of 8% can reach 98%. Compared with control sample with the self-healing efficiency as 61.7%, which proves that the introduction of disulfide functional groups can improve the self-healing efficiency of the system.