Nano-1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene(FOX-7) was prepared by the solvent-non-solvent method using N,N-dimethylacetamide(DMAC), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) and a mixture of the two as solvents. The morphology, phase, structure and thermal performances of the prepared nano-FOX-7 were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis(TG) method and its sensitivities were tested. On this basis, the effects of solvents and surfactants on the performances of nano-FOX-7 were investigated The results show that the average grain size of the prepared nano-FOX-7 is less than 30 nm. The addition of surfactant is helpful to reduce the grain size and particle size of the prepared nano-FOX-7, enhance its uniformity of particle size distribution and improve its dispersity. Compared with the raw material, the initial decomposition temperatures of the prepared nano-FOX-7 increase, the temperature ranges between their two decomposition exothermic peaks become narrow, their energy release efficiency and decomposition enthalpy greatly increase and the impact and friction sensitivities significantly reduce. When using the mixed solvents and adding the surfactants OP-10 and Tween 20, the initial decomposition temperatures of the prepared nano-FOX-7 increase nearly by 15 ℃, the enthalpies of decomposition increase by 4.97% and 4.65% respectively. And the friction sensitivities decrease by 66.7% and 50.0% respectively.