In order to remove high-strength nitrophenols, heavy metal such as Pb²⁺ and N₃^-, which were highly toxic characteristic pollutants in the wastewater from the manufacture of hybrid initiating explosive such as lead styphnate, lead azide and tetrazene, physico-chemical pretreatment process consisted of internal electrolysis, Fenton, coagulation and sedimentation was developed. The toxicity of the wastewater was efficiently reduced and the biodegradability was efficiently improved. In order to achieve the discharge standard, the bioaugmentation process consisted of anoxic degradation system and biological aerated filter was developed, which was based on the usage of specific functional microbial inoculum. The high-strength organic contaminants in the wastewater after pretreatment could be effectively removed in the bioaugmentation process. The engineering practice showed that wastewater from the manufacture of hybrid initiating explosive could be treated steadily below the discharge standard through the application of the integrated process of physico-chemical treatment and bioaugmentation, with effluent quality met the requirement of "Discharge standard for water pollutants from ordnance industry-initiating explosive material (GB14470.2-2002)". The treatment cost was as low as ￥73.6 per ton wastewater. The integrated process consisted of physico-chemical treatment and bioaugmentation for the treatment of wastewater from the manufacture of hybrid initiating explosive showed significant cost, environmental and social benefit.