In order to research the drag reduction and extend range characteristics of base bleed projectile, the three burning models were established for base bleed propellant with different burning rate, cladding propellant with variable burning rate and different cladding layer position of propellant for 155 mm base bleed projectile. The drag reduction and extend range characteristics of base bleed projectile were calculated and analyzed numerically by introducing the burning rate change coefficient. Results show that the burning rate change coefficient increases from 0.7 to 1.2, the working time of the base bleed reduces 27.08 s, the firing range reduces 1.16 km and the extend range rate increases 3.86%. The extend range rate is 32.33% by using the variable burning rate propellant, which the inner layer burning rate is higher than outer layer. The maximum firing range is 39.76 km by optimizing the propellant at 1/4 of the inner ring. Therefore, the drag reduction and extend range characteristics of base bleed projectile could be improved by optimizing the layer position and using variable burning rate of base bleed propellant.