In order to enhance the thermal decomposition property of nitrocellulose (NC), an energetic combustion catalyst nitrated graphene oxide (NGO) was introduced to NC and NGO/NC energetic composites were prepared. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to investigate the structure and morphology of NGO/NC energetic composites, respectively. The thermal decomposition properties of NC in the presence of NGO were characterized through thermogravimentry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC). With the NGO addition amount of 1%, the structure of NC does not obviously change and NGO/NC energetic composition possesses a porous three-dimensional network structure. The apparent decomposition heat of NC enhances from 339 J·g^-1 to 2132 J·g^-1 with a mass loss of 96% and the exothermic peak temperature increases from 201 ℃ to 213 ℃, indicating that the addition of NGO can enhance the apparent decomposition heat and thermostability of NC.