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A Nitrolysis Method to Synthesize CL-20 with High Yield and Low Pollution
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(1. School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; 2. National Supervision and Inspection Center for Industrial Explosive Materials, Nanjing 210094, China; 3. China Ordance Industrial Standardization Research Institute, Beijing 100089, China)

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    Abstract:

    New nitrification systems of N2O5/HNO3/ ionic liquids(ILs, quaternary ammonium salts, caprolactams, imidazoles, pyridines) were used to nitrify tetraacetyl hexaazaisowurtzitane(TAIW) to prepare hexanitro-hexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20), instead of the commonly used concentrated nitric and sulfuric acid in industrial scale, which was seriously harmful to the environment. The effects of the type, dosage and acidity of ILs and reaction time on yield and purity of CL-20 were investigated. Results show that acidity of ILs is positively correlated with catalytic performance and the [Et3N(CH2)4SO3H][BSO] shows the best catalytic activity. The optimum conditions are as follows: reaction temperature 60-80 ℃, reaction time 7 h, m([Et3N(CH2)4SO3H][BSO]):m(TAIW):m(N2O5):V(HNO3)=0.5 g:3 g:4 g:15 mL, with the yield and purity of 94.5% and 98.1%, respectively. ILs can be reused five times and barely with significant loss of catalytic activity.

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董波,钱华,任丽萍.离子液体中CL-20的高收率低污染硝解方法[J].含能材料,2016,24(6):571-575.
DONG Bo, QIAN Hua, REN Li-ping. A Nitrolysis Method to Synthesize CL-20 with High Yield and Low Pollution[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2016,24(6):571-575.

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History
  • Received:August 28,2015
  • Revised:October 27,2015
  • Adopted:November 12,2015
  • Online: May 20,2016
  • Published: June 03,2016