Using picryl chloride and hydrazine hydrate as the starting materials, an insensitive energetic compound 5, 7-diamino-4, 6-dinitrobenzotriazol-3-ium-1-oxide(2) was synthesized through cyclization and vicarious nucleophilic substitution(VNS) reactions with a total yield of 31.0%. The structures of the title compound and its intermediate were characterized by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, FT-IR and elementary analysis. The reaction condition of VNS was optimized. A cyclization reaction mechanism of 4, 6-dinitrobenzotriazol-3-ium-1-oxide(1) was speculated. The calculations of electrostatic potential(ESP) and molecular orbital of the title compound were performed by quantum chemical method. The detonation properties and thermal property of the titled compound and its intermediate 4, 6-dinitrobenzotriazol-3-ium-1-oxide were studied. Results show that the optimal reaction conditions of VNS were determined as the VNS reagent is NH₂OH·HCl, the reaction time at room temperature is 5 h. The titled compound has insensitive characteristic and good thermal stability. The density and thermal stability of compound 2 formed after introducing the two amino groups in compound 1 are improved. Thermal decomposition temperature, density and detonation velocity of two kinds of compounds are 201.3 ℃, 1.73 g·cm^-3 and 7371.13 m·s^-1 for compound 1 and 248.5 ℃, 1.76 g·cm^-3 and 7396.7 m·s^-1 for compound 2.