To simplify the preparation process of the nitrocellulose-based micro-pores spherical powder and make the internal pore structure more uniform, a new preparation process named as leaching method was studied.The dispeller way of solvent of late solvent distillation process was changed by replacing the heating distillation method with the leaching method of aqueous solution at room temperature and compared with solvent distillation method.The effect of two kinds of process parameters on the morphology, particle size, porosity and internal pore structure of the nitrocellulose-based micro-pores spherical powder was explored.The nitrocellulose-based micro-pores spherical powder was characterized by SEM and HopeImage software.Results show that the surface of nitrocellulose-based micro-pores spherical powder prepared by leaching method is smooth, its particles are mainly concentrated in about 20 μm, the spherical degree is 0.89, which is about 20% higher than solvent distillation method, the porosity is 92%, which is 10% higher than that of solvent distillation method.The distribution of the inner pore structure of the nitrocellulose-based micro-pores spherical powder prepared by leaching method is more uniform.