2-Azido-4-nitroimidazole was synthesized using 2-amino-4-nitroimidazole or 2-azidoimidazole as raw materials with yield of 87% or 78%, respectively, and its structure was confirmed by MS, IR and ¹H NMR. The calculated detonation velocity and detonation pressures are 7.59 km·s^-1and 24.39 GPa, respectively.