Alumnium nanoparticles(AlNPs) were synthesized via reduction of aluminium chloride anhydrous by lithium aluminium hydride with the solution-phase chemical reduction method, using polyethylene glycol(PEG) or polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether(NHD) as a dispersion stabilizer and mesitylene as solvent.The granularity, distribution, morphology, size, component, structure and activity of AlNPs were studied by laser particle size analyzer(LPSA), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(EDS), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FT-IR) and thermogravimetry(TG), respectively.Results show that the average particle size of PEG/AlNPs prepared by PEG as a dispersion stabilizer is 67.7 nm.The average particle size of NHD/AlNPs prepared by NHD/AlNPs=1.1/1(mass ratio) is 23.4 nm.AlNPs belong to cubic crystal system, and their surface are coated with dispersion stabilizer.