Ionic liquids have been investigated widely in recent years for their unique properties, including near zero vapor pressures and solubility controled by chioce of cation and anion. Application of ionic liquid in nitration of aromatic compound for syntheses of energetic material is reviewed. Strongly hydrogen bonded explosives such as TATB purified by re-precipitation of the ionic liquids are introduced here. Application progress of energetic ionic liquids in hypergolic fuels of bipropellants and as TNT replacement for melt-castable explosives are also reviewed.