Alternating temperature accelerated aging test was designed to ensure that accelerated aging could preferably simulate real world storage of HTPB propellant. Aging test was designed in the temperature range from -10 ℃ to 60 ℃ at three different rate of change(10 ℃/12 h,20 ℃/12 h,30 ℃/12 h). Mechanical properties of HTPB propellant aged for three different periods were measured and analyzed. The correlation between accelerated aging and real world storage was analyzed in terms of elongation. Results show that the tensile strength increased and the elongation decreased after accelerated aging,showing the same trend of real world storage. The mechanical properties of HTPB propellant is strongly influenced by the rate of temperature change,and alternating temperature accelerated aging test is consistent well with real world storage.