Infrared spectroscopy technique was used to analyse the corrosion products from certain ammunition exploder stored for 10 years, “blast gas” from smoke composition stored for 1 year and chemical structure change of materials in smoke composition simulatedly stored for years. The results show that, the main reason for the ammunition exploder falure is that PVAC is degraded to HAc, and HAc diffuses to exploder inside leading to its corrosion. The main reason for the smoke composition falure is that NaHCO₃ accelerates Rhodamine B Extra decomposition and releases gas. Failure mechanism of certain ammunition and smoke composition and prevention failure measurements were proposed.