Keto-RDX was obtained by one-step method with a certain amount of RDX as by-product. The effects of various parameters on high yield were studied. A simple analytical method was also introduced to determine simultaneously Keto-RDX/RDX mole ratio. Some important theoretical characterizations of Keto-RDX such as detonation performance at maximum nominal density and shock sensitivity were determined by new methods and compared with RDX.