A new compound, N,N′-bis(2-azidoethyl) oxalic amide (AEO), was synthesized and its structure was identified by IR, ¹H NMR,¹³C NMR and CIMS elemental analysis. The binding effect of AEO/HMX and the compatibilities of AEO with nitrates and polyethers were studied by XPS and DTA respectively. The results show a application of AEO as a bonding agent for HMX-based PBXs.