Analytical characterization techniques are indispensable tools for scientific research and production in the chemistry field of energetic materials. Analytical characterization techniques for energetic materials mainly includes chromatography， mass spectrometry， wave spectrum， spectroscopy， thermal analysis， microscopy， scattering and diffraction， etc. Through the qualitative/quantitative analysis of characterization technology， the chemical structure， component content， microscopic morphology and other information of energetic materials can be obtained， thereby providing important data results for energetic materials in synthesis characterization， quality control， inventory maintenance， public safety， environmental monitoring and other scenarios， which greatly promotes the development of energetic materials. In recent years， analytical characterization techniques have exhibited obvious multidisciplinary cross-integration characteristics on the basis of traditional analysis metheds， and have gradually developed in the direction of automation， intelligence， in-situ online， multi-scale penetration， high temporal and spatial resolution. In order to understand the current status and trends of analytical characterization techniques for energetic materials well， this paper systematically reviews the technical connotation， functional characteristics and application status of each major analytical method， and discusses future development trends to provide support for related analytical characterization research in the field of energetic materials.