CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
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新型二硝酰胺类含能离子盐的合成及能量特性分析
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1.航天化学能源全国重点实验室;2.火箭军装备部驻襄阳地区军事代表室;3.湖北航天化学技术研究所

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航天化学能源全国重点实验室基金


Synthesis and Analysis of Energy Characteristics of a Novel Energetic Ionic Salt Based on Dinitramide Anions
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1.National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Chemical Power;2.Military Representative Office of Rocket army Equipment Department in Xiangyang;3.Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology

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    摘要:

    为了进一步探究具备不吸湿特性的新型二硝酰胺类含能离子盐(DBDN)的应用潜力,研究对DBDN合成路线进行了优化,并测得了定容燃烧热(Qv),计算出其标准摩尔生成焓(ΔfHθm),通过RAMJ能量软件计算了其在改性双基(CMDB)推进剂和低特征信号推进剂中的能量特性,用Kissinger方程开展DBDN催化高氯酸铵(AP)热分解过程的动力学研究。实验结果表明,优化后较佳的DBDN合成条件为:反应温度为65 ℃,反应溶剂为无水乙醇/水(体积比10:1),反应时间为5 h。DBDN的Qv和ΔfHθm值分别为-(13525.5±3.28) J·g-1和-(17.36±0.24) kJ·mol-1。计算结果显示,在CMDB推进剂配方中,DBDN取代8%~14%的AP性能增益明显。在低特征信号推进剂配方中,DBDN虽然会在一定程度上削弱能量性能,但同时其降低燃烧室温度(Tc)和尾焰温度(Te)的能力分别是ADN的17倍和11倍,且产气中同样无HCl气体。此外,在AP中添加10%的DBDN,会使AP的高温热分解活化能下降27.5 kJ·mol-1,有助于催化AP的高温热分解过程,表明DBDN还具备调节燃速和压强指数的应用潜力。

    Abstract:

    To further explore the application potential of novel dinitramide energetic ionic salt (DBDN) with non-hygroscopic property, the synthetic route of DBDN was optimized. The standard molar enthalpy of formation (ΔfHθm) was calculated according to the measured constant volume heat of combustion (Qv). The energetic properties of DBDN in composite modified double base (CMDB) propellant and low signature propellant were calculated by RAMJ software. The kinetics of thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) catalyzed by DBDN were studied by Kissinger equation. Results indicate that the optimized synthetic conditions for DBDN are as follows: reaction temperature of 65 ℃, solvent of CH3CH2OH /H2O (volume ratio 10∶1), and reaction time of 5 hours. The Qv and ΔfHθm values of DBDN are -(13525.5±3.28) J·g-1 and -(17.36±0.24) kJ·mol-1, respectively. The calculation results show that the DBDN replaces 8% to 14% of AP, the performance of CMDB propellant is significantly improved. In the formulation of low signature propellant, DBDN has the ability to reduce the combustion chamber temperature (Tc) and the tail flame temperature (Te) by 17 times and 11 times larger than that of ADN respectively, and there is also no HCl gas in the combustion products. However meanwhile, DBDN weakens the energy performance of the propellants to some extent. In addition, the Kissinger equation shows that the addition of 10% mass fraction of DBDN decreases the activation energy of thermal decomposition of AP by 27.5 kJ mol-1, which is beneficial to catalyze the thermal decomposition of AP at high temperature, indicating that DBDN has the potential to adjust the burning rate and pressure exponent.

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引用本文

彭盼盼,胡翔,涂珑潇,等.新型二硝酰胺类含能离子盐的合成及能量特性分析[J].含能材料, 2025, 33(8):820-828. DOI:10.11943/CJEM2025099.
PENG Pan-pan, HU Xiang, TU Long-xiao, et al. Synthesis and Analysis of Energy Characteristics of a Novel Energetic Ionic Salt Based on Dinitramide Anions[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2025, 33(8):820-828. DOI:10.11943/CJEM2025099.

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  • 收稿日期: 2025-05-16
  • 最后修改日期: 2025-08-25
  • 录用日期: 2025-08-23
  • 在线发布日期: 2025-08-23
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