CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
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APNIMMO/RDX光固化发射药热分解性能及燃烧性能
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西安近代化学研究所, 陕西 西安 710065

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Thermal Decomposition and Combustion Performance of APNIMMO/RDX Photocurable Gun Propellant
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Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi′an 710065, China

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    为探究新型含能光固化黏结剂端丙烯酸酯基聚3‐硝酸酯甲基‐3‐甲基氧杂环丁烷(APNIMMO)对RDX基光固化发射药热分解性能和燃烧性能的影响,设计并利用3D打印制备了一种高能APNIMMO/RDX发射药样品,采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和热分析红外气质联用仪(TG‐DSC‐FTIR‐GC)研究了APNIMMO/RDX光固化发射药的热分解过程和相关分解动力学参数,并通过密闭爆发器研究了APNIMMO/RDX光固化发射药的燃烧性能。结果表明:APNIMMO/RDX光固化发射药的热失重分为两个主要阶段,热失重和气体产物逸出主要集中在第Ⅰ阶段(158.9~234.3 ℃),此阶段APNIMMO/RDX的热分解起始于APNIMMO的分解放热,并促进RDX的熔融分解,导致RDX分解提前,这也导致了APNIMMO/RDX的临界爆炸温度(Tpe)要低于纯RDX;第Ⅱ阶段(234.3 ℃至测试结束温度)表现为既无放热也无吸热的“热中性”状态,这一阶段主要是APNIMMO侧链硝酸酯基完全分解后主链的缓慢分解。燃烧性能结果表明APNIMMO/RDX发射药燃速系数较低,压力指数偏高,中止燃烧试验样品表面存在大量孔穴,分析认为在APNIMMO/RDX发射药体系中,由于RDX含量较多,且在高压下RDX的燃速比APNIMMO黏结剂要大,两者间燃速的差异导致燃烧产生的热量和压力沿着形成的孔穴深入整个发射药内部,该过程受压力影响较大,因此压力指数偏高。

    Abstract:

    In order to investigate the effects of a new energetic photocurable binder terminal acrylate based poly(3-nitratomethyl-3-methyloxetane) (APNIMMO), on the thermal decomposition and combustion properties of RDX-based photocurable gun propellants, a high-energy APNIMMO/RDX gun propellant sample was designed and fabricated by 3D printing. The thermal decomposition process and related kinetic parameters of the APNIMMO/RDX photocurable gun propellant were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-gas chromatography (TG-DSC-FTIR-GC). The combustion performance of the APNIMMO/RDX photocurable gun propellant was evaluated using a closed bomb tester. The results indicate that the thermal weight loss of the APNIMMO/RDX photocurable gun propellant occurs in two main stages. Thermogravimetry and gas product escape mainly focus on the first stage(158.9-234.3 ℃), In this stage, tthe thermal decomposition of APNIMMO/RDX begins with the exothermic decomposition of APNIMMO, promoting the melting and decomposition of RDX. This causes RDX to decompose earlier, leading to a lower critical explosion temperature (Tpe) for APNIMMO/RDX compared to pure RDX. The second stage (234.3 ℃ to the end of the test) presents a “thermal neutral” state with neither exothermic nor endothermic behavior, mainly attributed to the slow decomposition of the APNIMMO backbone after the complete decomposition of its side-chain nitrate ester groups. The results of combustion performance show that the burning rate coefficient of APNIMMO/RDX propellant is low, the pressure index is high, and there are a large number of holes on the surface of the sample of the aborting combustion test. The analysis shows that in the APNIMMO/RDX propellant system, the burning rate of RDX is higher than that of APNIMMO binder under high pressure due to the large content of RDX. The difference in burning rate between the two causes the heat and pressure generated by combustion to penetrate into the entire propellant along the formed holes, and the process is greatly affected by pressure, so the pressure index is high.

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李曼曼,徐明辉,郭志罡,等. APNIMMO/RDX光固化发射药热分解性能及燃烧性能[J]. 含能材料,DOI:10.11943/CJEM2025033.

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  • 收稿日期: 2025-02-22
  • 最后修改日期: 2025-03-27
  • 录用日期: 2025-03-31
  • 在线发布日期: 2025-04-07
  • 出版日期: