CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
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近坑道口爆炸条件下温压炸药热效应与冲击波演化规律
作者:
作者单位:

1.陆军工程大学爆炸冲击防灾减灾全国重点实验室,江苏 南京 210007;2.南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏 南京 210094;3.南京理工大学安全科学与工程学院,江苏 南京 210094

作者简介:

张国凯,(1988-),男,教授,主要从事爆炸与防护技术研究,E-mail: gkzhang@njust.edu.cn李干,(1985-),男,副教授,主要从事冲击动力学与武器效应研究,E-mail: ligan-impact@qq.com

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基金项目:

国家自然科学基金(52278504; 12072371);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20220141; BK20221528)爆炸冲击防灾减灾全国重点实验室资助(LGD-SKL-202202);陆军工程大学青年自主创新基金项目资助。


Evolution laws of the thermal effect and shock wave generated by explosion of thermobaric explosive (TBX) around the tunnel entrance
Author:
Affiliation:

1.State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Explosion and Impact, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, China;2.China School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China;3.School of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China

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    摘要:

    为研究近坑道口爆炸条件下温压炸药(TBX))热效应和冲击波演化规律及影响因素,开展了TBX在坑道口外和堵口处空爆、贴地爆的爆炸试验,分析了火球尺寸、温度等热效应参数和超压峰值、正压时间、比冲量和波形等冲击波参数,并结合TNT爆炸试验结果分析了冲击波在坑道内的传播路径。结果表明坑道堵口爆炸条件下,空爆的火球热效应和冲击波效应高于贴地爆。热效应方面,空爆火球的高度和峰值温度约为贴地爆的2倍和1.41倍,坑道内测得的温度峰值约为贴地爆的2.42倍,热流密度可超过贴地爆的19.3倍,空爆产生的后燃升温效果随药量增大而显著增大;冲击波方面,堵口空爆工况下温压炸药后燃效应产生的超压较贴地爆更强,冲击波反射、叠加路径更加充分,空爆对贴地爆的冲击波超压峰值、正压时间和比冲量当量系数分别约为1.3、1和1.1。热效应和冲击波效应的演化规律受到坑道约束作用和地面干预作用的综合影响,空爆条件下坑道约束作用更加明显,后燃效应更加显著,而贴地爆条件下地面的干预作用会削弱坑道约束作用,抑制铝粉和空气的混合,造成后燃强度降低。

    Abstract:

    To study the evolution laws and its suffered influential factors of thermal effect and shock wave generated by thermobaric explosive (TBX) explosion around the tunnel entrance, explosion experiments were carried out by varying the initial location of TBX relative to the tunnel entrance. Thermal effect parameters (e.g. fireball size and temperature), and shock wave parameters (e.g. overpressure peak value, positive pressure duration, specific impulse and waveform), were analyzed. Moreover, the propagation trace of shock wave inside the tunnel was analyzed in conjunction with the results of Trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosion experiments. The results indicated that, when the TBX charge was initiated at the tunnel entrance, both the thermal effect and shock wave effect in air explosion was better than that in a ground surface explosion. Regarding thermal effect, the height and peak temperature of the fireball generated by the explosion were approximately 2 and 1.41 times higher than that of a ground surface explosion, respectively. The peak temperature measured by thermocouples inside the tunnel was about 2.42 times higher than that of a ground surface explosion, and the heat flux density could exceed 19.3 times that of the ground surface explosion. The temperature increasement generated by the afterburning process of TBX indicated a positive correlation with the weight of TBX charge. Concerning shock wave, the overpressure generated by the afterburning process of TBX in air explosion at the tunnel entrance was stronger than that of the ground surface explosion. For air explosion, the reflection and superposition paths of shock wave were more sufficient. Compared to the ground surface explosion, the equivalent coefficients of overpressure peak value, positive pressure duration and specific impulse of the shock wave in air explosion were approximately 1.3, 1, and 1.1, respectively. The evolution laws of thermal effect and shock wave effect were influenced by the combination of the constraint from tunnel and the intervention of the ground. In air explosion, the constraint effect of tunnel was much more significant, so as to the afterburning effect. However, in a ground surface explosion, the intervention effect of the ground could weaken the constraint function of tunnel, so that the mixing between Al particles and air could be suppressed, resulting in a reduction of afterburning intensity.

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纪玉国,何勇,谭仪忠,等. 近坑道口爆炸条件下温压炸药热效应与冲击波演化规律[J]. 含能材料,DOI:10.11943/CJEM2024207.

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  • 收稿日期: 2024-08-11
  • 最后修改日期: 2024-11-20
  • 录用日期: 2024-11-21
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-11-26
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