CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
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分子钙钛矿含能材料氯酸铵三乙烯二铵的合成、结构与性能
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中山大学化学学院, 广东 广州 510006

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国家基金委叶企孙科学基金(U2341287),广州市科技计划(2024A04J6499)和中山大学高校基本科研业务费(23lgzy001)


Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of a New Molecular Perovskite Energetic Material: Triethylenediammonium Ammonium Chlorate
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MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China

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    摘要:

    分子钙钛矿含能材料作为一种新概念单质含能材料,可通过改变其离子组分而调控性能,为设计适用不同领域的实用火炸药提供新途径。氯酸铵具有强氧化性而常用作氧化剂,但其高吸湿性极大限制其应用范围。研究通过混合氯酸钠、氨水和三乙烯二胺(dabco)后进行酸化,获得了新的分子钙钛矿含能材料(H2dabco)(NH4)(ClO33(简称DAC-4)。X射线单晶衍射分析表明,DAC-4具有ABX3型钙钛矿结构,属于立方Pmm空间群,晶体学密度为1.86 g·cm-3。DAC-4有较优异的理论爆轰性能,其爆热、爆速和爆压分别4.91 kJ·g-1、8.43 km·s-1和32.6 GPa。差热分析表明,DAC-4分解峰值温度为106 ℃,显著高于氯酸铵(75 ℃)。吸湿性实验表明,在相对湿度小于86%条件下存放近2个月,DAC-4基本不吸湿,最高增重仅0.18%,远低于氯酸铵(增重30%)。

    Abstract:

    In recent years, molecular perovskite energetic materials have emerged as a kind of new-concept energetic materials, offering a new approach to design practicable single explosives for different applications by rational assembling diverse ionic components. Ammonium chlorate (NH4ClO3) is commonly used as an oxidizer benefiting from its high oxidizing ability, but its high hygroscopicity greatly limits its application. By mixing sodium chlorate, aqueous ammonia, and triethylenediamine (dabco), then acidizing the aqueous solution, we have obtained a new molecular perovskite energetic material, (H2dabco)(NH4)(ClO33(DAC-4). X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis revealed that DAC-4 possesses an ABX3-type perovskite structure belonging to the cubic space group Pmm with a crystallographic density of 1.86 g·cm-3. DAC-4 exhibits exceptional theoretical detonation performances, with detonation heat, velocity, and pressure of 4.91 kJ·g-1, 8.43 km·s-1, and 32.6 GPa, respectively. DTA showed that DAC-4 has a decomposition peak temperature of 106 ℃, higher than that of ammonium chlorate (75 ℃). Moisture absorption experiments demonstrate that DAC-4 remains nearly non-hygroscopic after being stored for near 2 month at relative humidity below 86%, the weight of DAC-4 only increases by 0.18%, much lower than that of ammonium chlorate (30%).

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于晨曦,叶乐,方梓洛,等. 分子钙钛矿含能材料氯酸铵三乙烯二铵的合成、结构与性能[J]. 含能材料,DOI:10.11943/CJEM2024166.

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  • 收稿日期: 2024-06-30
  • 最后修改日期: 2024-08-25
  • 录用日期: 2024-08-16
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-08-20
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