Gunshot residue （GSR） is an important concomitant product of gun firing， and the analysis of GSR is of great significance in the investigation and litigation of gun-related cases. The traditional GSR test mainly focuses on the inorganic substances produced by primer， but neglects the organic gunshot residue （OGSR） from the propellant. Due to the widespread presence of metal particles in the environment and the production and application of non-heavy metal ammunition， conventional detection methods are prone to false positive or false negative problems. The trace detection technology of OGSR is becoming a research hotspot. The research progress of trace OGSR detection in recent years was reviewed. The advantages and limitations of Raman spectroscopy， mass spectrometry， liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and electrochemical method in OGSR detection were discussed. The application of chemometrics in trace OGSR detection was introduced. Among them， liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （LC-MS） is a simple pre-treatment method for OGSR detection with low detection limit and high sensitivity. In the future， the focus of research is to combine the large amount of data obtained based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with the data processing technology of chemometrics to build a detection technology with rapid analysis and identification of OGSR samples.