Microbial remediation technology refers to the remediation technology that uses artificially domesticated microorganisms with specific functions to degrade harmful pollutants in the contaminated site into harmless substances through their own metabolism in the appropriate environment. In the process of microbial remediation of energetic compounds contaminated sites， improving microbial degradation efficiency and exploring metabolic pathways and intermediate metabolites are key issues. This paper briefly described the pollution status of energetic compounds， introduces common methods for remediation of energetic compounds contaminated sites. The advantages of microbial remediation of energetic compound contaminated sites were focused on， and the common strains， external nutrition sources and practical applications of microbial remediation of energetic compound contaminated sites were summarized. Besides， the intermediate metabolites produced by various energetic compounds in the process of microbial degradation were sorted out， and the metabolic pathways in the degradation process of various energetic compounds were also summarized. The development trend of microorganism application in remediation of energetic compound contaminated sites was prospected. The prerequisite for improving the efficiency of existing microorganisms in degrading energetic compounds is the research of microbial agents with better biological stimulation effect. The analysis of metagenomics， macronenenebb transcriptome， macronenenebc proteomics and metabolomics of microbial strains that degrade energetic compounds should be emphasized as a way to strengthen the research on DNA， RNA， proteins and metabolites， and also to improve the degradation effect through transgene to better stimulate the potential of microbial remediation of energetic compound contaminated sites.