This review focused on the four major construction methods of 1，2，3-triazole energetic materials and corresponding research progress since the 1960s， including： Ⅰ） energetic compounds constructed based on 1-amino-1，2，3-triazole； Ⅱ） energetic compounds constructed based on dicyano substituted 1，2，3-triazole； Ⅲ） 1，2，3-triazole based energetic compounds prepared through azide involved cyclization reaction； Ⅳ） fused polycyclic energetic compounds built from 1，2，3-triazole. By analyzing the relationship between the molecular structure and energetic properties of several representative 1，2，3-triazole based energetic compounds， the influence of molecular structures on their energetic performances and stabilities could be profoundly clarified. Meanwhile， the potential application values of the mentioned high-performance 1，2，3-triazole based energetic compounds， such as their application prospects of main explosives， heat-resistant explosives and lead-free primary explosive， were discussed， providing a reference for the design and development of next-generation high energy density materials （HEDMs）.