CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
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基于Pickering乳液构建球扁形核壳CL-20/TNT共晶@Al复合物
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1.西南科技大学四川省新型含能材料军民融合创新中心, 四川 绵阳 621010;2.西南科技大学环境友好能源材料国家重点实验室, 四川 绵阳 621010;3.西安近代化学研究所, 陕西 西安 710065

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四川省科技计划资助(2019ZDZX0013)和国家自然科学基金(22075230)


Design and Preparation of Spheroidicity Core-shell CL-20/TNT Co-crystal@Al Composite by Pickering Emulsion
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1.Sichuan Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology (SWUST), Mianyang 621010, China;2.State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China;3.Xi′an Modem Chemistry Research Institute, Xi′an 710065, China

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    摘要:

    六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20)和纳米Al粉可以提升推进剂或炸药配方的能量,但是纯CL-20或其与一定量Al粉的复合物均具有较高的感度,因此获得低感度的CL-20与Al粉均匀复合物有着重要的意义。以全氟羧酸修饰的纳米Al粉为表面活性剂,CL-20和TNT的乙酸乙酯溶液为油相制备Pickering乳液,研究了纳米Al粉用量和静置时间对乳液稳定性的影响规律,成功制备出球扁形核壳CL-20/TNT共晶@Al复合物,对其形貌、晶型、热分解和安全等性能进行了表征。结果表明,Al粉含量为1%、10%和20%时可以获得稳定的乳液;静置时间少于100 min时,可以获得稳定的乳液;X射线粉末衍射(XRD)结果表明,两种炸药形成了CL-20/TNT共晶;扫描电镜(SEM)结果显示,所形成的球扁形共晶尺寸约为20~40 μm,纳米Al粉均匀包覆在共晶表面;复合物的特性落高H50为35 cm,摩擦感度爆炸概率为30%,安全性能高于纯CL-20。采用的制备方法中未添加非含能组份,理论上没有降低CL-20/TNT共晶@Al复合物的能量,有望为含CL-20、Al的高能推进剂和炸药的设计和制备提供新思路。

    Abstract:

    Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) and nano-aluminum powder are commonly used for the improvement of energy density in explosive formulations, however, the high mechanical sensitivity of CL-20 or their mixture has been impeded further applications. Therefore, it is very meaningful to obtain a low-sensitivity of CL-20 and Al uniform mixture. In this paper, the Pickering emulsion was prepared by using nano-aluminum powder modified by perfluorocarboxylic acid as the surfactant (F-Al), and the ethyl acetate solution of CL-20 and TNT as the oil phase. The influence law of F-Al powder content and static duration on the stability of the emulsion was investigated. The spheroidicity core-shell CL-20/TNT co-crystal@Al composite was successfully prepared. Its morphology, crystal form, thermal decomposition properties, safety, etc. were characterized. Results show that stable emulsions can be obtained when the content of F-Al powder is 1%, 10%, and 20% and static duration is less than 100 min. XRD results showed that the CL-20 and TNT cocrystals was obtained. The crystal size (20-40 μm), the ellipsoid-like morphology, the uniformly coated nanosized F-Al powder were shown by the SEM images. An H50 value of 35 cm and a friction sensitivity explosion probability of 30% have been realized for that of composites, which is much higher than that of CL-20. The preparation method used in the present paper does not sacrifice the energy density in the spheroidicity core-shell CL-20/TNT co-crystal/Al composite, which is expected to provide a pathway to the design and prepare of high-energy propellants and explosives containing CL-20 and Al.

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郭长平,田璐,李玥其,等.基于Pickering乳液构建球扁形核壳CL-20/TNT共晶@Al复合物[J].含能材料, 2022, 30(5):483-490. DOI:10.11943/CJEM2021270.
GUO Chang-ping, TIAN Lu, LI Yue-qi, et al. Design and Preparation of Spheroidicity Core-shell CL-20/TNT Co-crystal@Al Composite by Pickering Emulsion[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2022, 30(5):483-490. DOI:10.11943/CJEM2021270.

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  • 收稿日期: 2021-10-13
  • 最后修改日期: 2022-03-24
  • 录用日期: 2022-01-25
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-03-24
  • 出版日期: 2022-05-25