To alleviate the aggregates of n-Al particles and improve its combustion performance， high-energy low-sensitivity nitrochitosan （NCh） with a honeycomb network structure was used as coating agent to prepare a binary nanocomposite with uniform structure through an acoustic resonance method. The morphology， structure and combustion performance of NCh/n-Al were investigated by XRD， SEM， TEM and laser ignition， and compared with that of NC/n-Al composite. The results show that the prepared NCh/n-Al has uniform morphology and good dispersion. Compared with pure n-Al and NC/n-Al， the ignition delay time of NCh/n-Al is shortened by 6 ms and 20 ms， respectively. The combustion of NCh/n-Al is more complete， the condensed combustion products are mainly Al₂O₃， a very small amount of unburned Al and carbon residue， and the particle size is significantly smaller.