Life-extension of missile is a systematic project with both military and economic benefits. As the domestic test on storage and life-extension is not scientific and systematic, it affects the effectiveness and efficiency of missile life-extension. This paper expounded the fundamental connotation of missile storage and life-extension test, summarized the main difficulties in storage and life-extension test, and proposed the basic flow of missile storage and life-extension test. The storage and life-extension test was divided into four parts: natural storage test, life extension test, accelerated storage test and validation test. The main research contents and research progress of each part were analyzed, and the key technologies such as storage life prediction based on natural storage test data, failure mechanism analysis and residual life prediction, overall planning for life-extension technical scheme, and accelerated storage test design based on actual service environment were summarized. Finally, the development trend and key research directions of storage and life-extension test technology were discussed. It has certain academic value and engineering guiding significance for promoting the technology development of missile storage and life-extension test.