Nitropyrazole and its derivatives have high heat of formation, good thermal stability and detonation performances, which have broad application prospects in the field of energetic materials. Their research progress in recent years is briefly reviewed from the aspects of synthesis, properties and applications of nitropyrazole and its derivatives, and the development direction and trend of the research on the synthesis of nitropyrazole and its derivatives are combed. Several important directions in the future research are pointed out:considering that ones have need to explore and find new synthetic routes and optimize their technological conditions, shorten reaction steps, improve reaction efficiency, and realize high-quality, large-scale and stabilization preparation of nitropyrazole compounds, and to further explore the green environmental protection and recyclable high-efficiency rearrangement reagents, extraction agents and recrystallization media, strengthen the comprehensive research on the basic properties of MTNP and 3, 4-DNP, carry out the research on their volume shrinkage characteristics and safety properties after melting and solidification, comprehensively evaluate the feasibility of their application in fused cast explosives, and further expand their application research in high energy insensitive explosives.