Using diaminomaleonitrile as starting material, a novel energetic compound 5, 5′-(2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazole-4, 5-diyl) bis (1H-tetrazole) was synthesized by condensation cyclization reaction with trifluoroacetic anhydride and the second condensation cyclization reaction with NaN₃ in the yield of 61.3%; based on acidity of the compound, two energetic ionic salts of hydroxylamine and guanidine of 5, 5′-(2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazole-4, 5-diyl) bis (1H-tetrazole) were designed and synthesized. The structures of products and intermediates were characterized by IR, NMR and elemental analysis. Key factors affecting the cyclization reaction for tetrazole in the formation process of 5, 5′-(2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazole-4, 5-diyl) bis (1H-tetrazole) were discussed, the optimum reaction conditions were determined as: H₂O as reaction medium, n(2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazole-4, 5-dicarbonitrile):n(NaN₃)=1:2.4, reaction temperature 98 ℃, reaction time 4 h, yield up to 86.3%. The thermal decomposition of 5, 5′-(2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazole-4, 5-diyl) bis (1H-tetrazole) was studied by DSC-TG, which shown the compound decomposition starts at 223.65 ℃, and the whole decomposition process undergos two main exothermic decomposition stages and weight loss stages, the maximum exothermic peak temperature is 285.78 ℃, the structure of the compound is relatively stable.