Fine structure characteristic of 2, 4, 6-triamino-1, 3, 5-trinitrobenzene (TATB) molding powder was investigated by using X-ray sub-micron tomography. Three dimensional reconstruction images have been generated, from which obvious and quantifiable pores, vortex ring layers, dense surfaces and high density impurities can be observed inside the granules. It was revealed that the coagulated vortex rings with a smaller size have a tendency to possess elliptical shapes, with the ratio of the minor to major axes of the ellipses close to 0.7 and the vortex dissipation to be stable. The formation of dense surfaces was mainly attributed to the spread of vortex. TATB molding powder may experience strongly rotating turbulence, as deduced from the fact that high density impurities located near the surface of the granules. The configuration and distribution of the interior pores were affected by the mode of turbulent flow during the granulation process.