CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
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喷雾干燥法中溶剂对RDX颗粒形貌和性能的影响
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(中北大学化工与环境学院,山西 太原 030051)

作者简介:

王江(1989-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事炸药安全及其性能检测研究。e-mail: wang-ji-ang-ok@126.com 通信联系人: 李小东(1978-),男,副教授,主要从事火工药剂研究。e-mail: xdlinuc@126.com

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基金项目:

国防基础产品创新计划火炸药科研专项


Effect of Solvent on the Morphology and Properties of RDX Prepared by the Spray Drying Method
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(School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China)

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    摘要:

    采用喷雾干燥法制备微米级球形黑索今(RDX)。研究了乙酸甲酯、乙腈、丙酮、丁酮4种低沸点溶剂对制备的RDX颗粒形貌和性能的影响。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析了所得RDX颗粒的形貌和热分解特性, 并测试了其撞击感度。结果表明:喷雾干燥法制备的RDX粒径为1~5 μm, 其中以丁酮为溶剂喷雾干燥制备的RDX颗粒形貌最好, 颗粒形状均为球形, 分散均匀, 颗粒表面光滑并且缺陷较少; 与原料RDX相比, 喷雾干燥法制备的RDX颗粒的撞击感度均明显降低, 特性落高较原料RDX提高了2倍以上; 热分析结果表明, 喷雾干燥法制备的球形RDX热分解的表观活化能(E)和热爆炸临界温度(Tb)均有所降低, 其中以乙酸甲酯为溶剂喷雾干燥制备的RDX的ETb分别降低了33.35 kJ·mol-1和7.77 ℃。

    Abstract:

    The spherical micron RDX particles were prepared by the spray drying method.The effects of four low-boiling solvents, including methyl acetate, acetonitrile, acetone, butanone, on morphology and properties of RDX samples were studied.Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM) was employed to characterize the samples.The impact sensitivity and thermal decomposition properties of the samples were also measured and analyzed.Results show that the as-prepared RDX particles are all spherical in shape and range from 1 μm to 5 μm in size.The RDX particles from butanone disperse evenly and have a relatively smoother surface and fewer defects.Compared with that of raw RDX, the impact sensitivity of as-prepared RDX samples are all decreased obviously due to the facts that the drop height is about 2 times of raw RDX.For the spherical RDX prepared by the spray drying method, the apparent activation energy of thermal decomposition(E) and the thermal explosion critical temperature(Tb) decreases.The RDX particles from methyl acetate decreases 33.35 kJ·mol-1 and 7.77 ℃.

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引用本文

王江,李小东,王晶禹,等.喷雾干燥法中溶剂对RDX颗粒形貌和性能的影响[J].含能材料, 2015, 23(3):238-242. DOI:10.11943/j. issn.1006-9941.2015.03.007.
WANG Jiang, LI Xiao-dong, WANG Jing-yu, et al. Effect of Solvent on the Morphology and Properties of RDX Prepared by the Spray Drying Method[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2015, 23(3):238-242. DOI:10.11943/j. issn.1006-9941.2015.03.007.

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  • 收稿日期: 2014-05-06
  • 最后修改日期: 2014-07-17
  • 录用日期: 2014-09-06
  • 在线发布日期: 2015-03-09
  • 出版日期: 2015-03-10