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HNIW在乙酸乙酯-正庚烷溶剂体系中的结晶机制研究
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中物院化工材料研究所,中物院化工材料研究所,中物院化工材料研究所,中物院化工材料研究所,中物院化工材料研究所

作者简介:

李洪珍(1971-),女,研究员,硕士,主要从事炸药合成与结晶。

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中国工程物理研究院科学技术基金面上项目(2010B0302040)


Crystallization Mechanism of ε-HNIW in Ethyl Acetate/n-Heptane Solution
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Institute of Chemical Materials,Institute of Chemical Materials,Institute of Chemical Materials,Institute of chemical materials,Institute of Chemical Materials

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    摘要:

    六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HNIW,CL-20)具有α-、β-、γ-、ε-等多种晶型,常压下,在不同溶剂系统中,晶型之间会相互转化。采用溶剂/反溶剂法,研究了正庚烷以不同速度加入到HNIW的乙酸乙酯饱和溶液中HNIW的结晶过程,采用红外光谱仪和扫描电子显微镜研究了结晶过程中HNIW的晶型和形貌。结果显示:当正庚烷的加料速度大于100 mL·s-1时,HNIW的结晶机理主要受动力学控制,先是亚稳相β-HNIW晶核的形成和生长,随后由亚稳相β-HNIW向稳定相ε-HNIW转变,最终全部变为ε-HNIW。当正庚烷的加料速度小于20 mL·s-1时,HNIW的结晶机理主要受热力学控制,不存在相转移,只有ε-HNIW的成核和随后生长。在结晶过程中如有水存在,则会生成水合α-HNIW。因此,制备ε-HNIW的溶剂一般采用非极性或极性小的溶剂,而不用极性大的溶剂。

    Abstract:

    2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12-Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(HNIW, or CL-20) exists in four crystalline polymorphs(α-, β-, γ-and ε-) which can be transited in different solvents at ambient conditions. In this work, the ε-HNIW crystallization process in a saturated HNIW solution in ethyl acetate being added to n-heptane with different addition rates. Crystal polymorph and morphology of HNIW were studied by Fourier transform infrare spectroscopy(FTIR) and scanning electron microscope(SEM), respectively. It is revealed that crystallization mechanism of ε-HNIW is kinetic-controlled when n-heptane addition rate is above 100 mL·s-1 and the crystallization process of HNIW is that metastable phase β-HNIW nucleus firstly formed and growed; then, βε phase transition occured and stable phase ε-HNIW increased; at last, β-HNIW disappeared and ε-HNIW attained completely. When n-heptane addition rate is below 20 mL·s-1, crystallization mechanism of ε-HNIW is thermodynamic-controlled and only ε-HNIW nucleus formed and growed without phase transition in the whole crystallization process. The hydrate α-HNIW will be formed if water existed in HNIW solution. So, the non-solvents used for preparation of ε-HNIW should be non-polar or poor-polar solvents, not solvents with high values of dipole moment.

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李洪珍,周小清,王述存,等. HNIW在乙酸乙酯-正庚烷溶剂体系中的结晶机制研究[J].含能材料, 2012, 20(1):30-34. DOI:10.3969/j. issn.1006-9941.2012.01.008.
LI Hong-zhen, ZHOU Xiao-qing, WANG Shu-cun, et al. Crystallization Mechanism of ε-HNIW in Ethyl Acetate/n-Heptane Solution[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2012, 20(1):30-34. DOI:10.3969/j. issn.1006-9941.2012.01.008.

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  • 收稿日期: 2011-05-24
  • 最后修改日期: 2011-07-17
  • 录用日期: 2011-08-30
  • 在线发布日期: 2012-02-23
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