Nitration of toluene was carried out with nitric acid(67%) in the presence of SO3H-functional ionic liquids[SO3H(CH2)4mim]X (X-=pTSO-, CF3COO-, BF4-) to develop a green nitration process. Results show that [SO3H(CH2)4mim]CF3COO has the best catalytic activity. The conversion of toluene can be up to 65.1%, the yield of mono-nitrotoluenes can be 40.7% and the ratio of ortho/para can be 1.24, when the mole ratio of toluene to nitric acid is 1:1, the absorption of ionic liquid is five percent of the substrate by molar, the reaction temperature is 80 ℃ and the reaction time is 22 hours.
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齐秀芳,程广斌,吕春绪.酸性离子液体存在下甲苯的硝酸硝化(Ⅱ)[J].含能材料, 2008, 16(4):398-400. QI Xiu-fang, CHENG Guang-bin, Lü Chun-xu. Nitration of Toluene with Nitric Acid in the Presence of Acidic Ionic Liquids(Ⅱ)[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2008, 16(4):398-400.