CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
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4,6-二硝基-5,7-二氨基苯并氧化呋咱的合成新方法与性能
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中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所

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基金项目:

国家自然科学基金面上项目(22175160)


New Synthetic Methodology and Performance of 4,6-Dinitro-5,7-Diaminobenzofuroxan
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Affiliation:

National Key Laboratory of Chemical Explosion Safety, Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics

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Grant support: National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22175160)

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    摘要:

    为解决4,6-二硝基-5,7-二氨基苯并氧化呋咱(CL-14)现有方法中胺化反应不彻底、酸性杂质难以去除等问题,开发了一种CL-14合成新方法,以1-氯-3,5-二甲氧基苯(1)为原料,经硝化、叠氮关环和胺化三步法合成CL-14。考察了物料比、反应温度、反应时间、溶剂种类等因素对1-氯-3,5-二甲氧基-2,4,6-三硝基苯(2)、5,7-二甲氧基-4,6-二硝基苯并氧化呋咱(3)和CL-14得率的影响。同时,采用升降温结晶的方法培养得到了CL-14·DMSO晶体,为单斜晶系,属于P21/n空间群。采用Neyer D-最优化法测试了CL-14的短脉冲冲击起爆性能,起爆阈值电压为1223 V,表现出较好的冲击起爆感度。通过优化反应条件,从原料1经三步法合成CL-14的总得率为45%,纯度≥97%。

    Abstract:

    To address the issues of incomplete amination and difficult removal of acidic impurities in the existing synthetic methods of 4,6-dinitro-5,7-diaminobenzofuroxan (CL-14), a novel synthetic route for CL-14 was developed. Starting from 1-chloro-3,5-dimethoxybenzene (1), CL-14 was synthesized via a three-step process involving nitration, azidation/dediazotization, and amination. The effects of molar ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time, and solvent type on the yields of 1-chloro-3,5-dimethoxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (2), 5,7-dimethoxy-4,6-dinitrobenzofuroxan (3), and CL-14 were investigated. Meanwhile, CL-14·DMSO single crystals were successfully cultivated by temperature-programmed crystallization. The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system with the P21/n space group. The short-pulse shock initiation performance of CL-14 was tested using the Neyer D-optimality method, and the initiation threshold voltage was 1223 V, indicating a favorable shock initiation sensitivity. Under the optimized reaction conditions, the overall yield of CL-14 synthesized from starting material 1 via the three-step route was 45%, with a purity of ≥97%.

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引用本文

杨雷,杜薇,李金山,等.4,6-二硝基-5,7-二氨基苯并氧化呋咱的合成新方法与性能[J].含能材料, 2026, 34(3):266-274. DOI:10.11943/CJEM2025243.
YANG Lei, DU Wei, LI Jin-shan, et al. New Synthetic Methodology and Performance of 4,6-Dinitro-5,7-Diaminobenzofuroxan[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2026, 34(3):266-274. DOI:10.11943/CJEM2025243.

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  • 收稿日期: 2025-11-11
  • 最后修改日期: 2026-03-20
  • 录用日期: 2026-03-18
  • 在线发布日期: 2026-03-18
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