3, 4, 5-Trinitro-1H-pyrazole(TNP) as the only full-carbon nitrated pyrazole-based compound, has the advantages of high density, high energy and low sensitivity and broad application prospcts in the field of energetic materials.In this paper, synthesis, properties and applications of TNP and its covalent derivatives and energetic ionic salts(including metal salts and nonmetal salts) were reviewed.The molecular design of energetic compounds of TNP as skeleton was discussed from the point of view of the molecular level.Considering that further research of such energetic compounds should focus on the following directions:the new synthesis methods and process optimization of TNP; the study on the synthesis and properties of 1-amino-3, 4, 5-trinitropyrazole(ATNP) and 1, 3, 4, 5-tetranitropyrazole; the molecular design and synthesis of novel energetic compounds combined TNP with rich-nitrogen groups; the appliced research of TNP and its derivatives.